Helicobacter pylori
What is H. pylori ? H. pylori is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that infects the stomach and duodenum (first part of the small intestine). Transmission : 1. Person-to-person contact 2. Contaminated food and water 3. Poor hygiene Infections and Diseases: 1. Gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining) 2. Peptic ulcers (stomach and duodenal ulcers) 3. Gastric cancer 4. Duodenal cancer 5. MALT lymphoma (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma) Symptoms : 1. Abdominal pain 2. Nausea and vomiting 3. Bloating and gas 4. Loss of appetite 5. Weight loss Diagnosis : 1. Endoscopy with biopsy 2. Urea breath test (UBT) 3. Stool antigen test 4. Blood tests (serology) 5. Histology (tissue examination) Treatment : 1. Triple therapy: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) +
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