30 Medical terms and meaning

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1. Hemoptysis – Coughing up blood.

2. Hypoxia – Low oxygen in tissues.

3. Uremia – High urea in blood.

4. Lipemia – Fat in blood sample (milky appearance).

5. Culture – Growing microorganisms in lab.

6. Asepsis – Absence of infection-causing microbes.

7. Incubation – Maintaining suitable temperature for microbial growth.

8. Hemoglobinopathy – Disorder of abnormal hemoglobin.

9. Phlebotomy – Process of collecting blood from patient.

10. Buffy Coat – Layer of WBCs and platelets after centrifugation.

11. Antigen – Foreign substance that triggers immune response.

12. Antibody – Protein produced to neutralize antigen.

13. Histopathology – Study of diseased tissue under microscope.

14. ELISA – Enzyme-based test to detect antigen or antibody.

15. Hemolysis – Destruction of red blood cells.

16. Leukocytosis – Increased white blood cell count.

17. Leukopenia – Decreased white blood cell count.

18. Thrombocytopenia – Low platelet count.

19. Hematocrit – Percentage of RBCs in total blood volume.

20. Anticoagulant – Substance that prevents blood clotting.

21. Serum – Plasma without clotting factors.

22. Plasma – Liquid part of blood containing clotting factors.

23. Pathogen – Disease-causing microorganism.

24. Sterilization – Complete destruction of all microorganisms.

25. Disinfection – Elimination of harmful microbes on surfaces.

26. Anemia – Low hemoglobin level in blood.

27. Agglutination – Clumping of cells due to antigen-antibody reaction.

28. Centrifugation – Separation of components using high-speed spinning.

29. Microscopy – Study of small objects using microscope.

30. Biopsy – Removal of tissue for diagnostic examination.

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