LG elections: NDLEA screens 250 candidates in Kano, finds drug abuse symptoms

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Scientists discover Alzheimer’s hidden “death switch” in the brain

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A team led by neurobiologist Prof. Dr. Hilmar Bading at Heidelberg University has identified a key molecular process that drives the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Working with researchers from Shandong University (China), the scientists used a mouse model of Alzheimer's to show that a harmful protein interaction causes brain cells to die, leading to cognitive decline. The findings point to new possibilities for developing more effective treatments. The harmful protein interaction involves two components previously studied: the NMDA receptor and the TRPM4 ion channel. NMDA receptors play an essential role in communication between nerve cells and are located on the cell surface, both at synapses and in areas outside these junctions. They are activated by glutamate, a key neurotransmitter. When NMDA receptors function within synapses, they support neuron survival and help maintain cognitive function. However, when TRPM4 interacts with NMDA receptors outside synap...
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𝐀𝐂𝐄 𝐓𝐞𝐬𝐭 (𝐀𝐧𝐠𝐢𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐄𝐧𝐳𝐲𝐦𝐞 𝐓𝐞𝐬𝐭)

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The ACE test is a biochemical blood test used to measure the level of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) in serum. 🔹 Why is ACE Test done? This test is mainly done to help in the diagnosis and monitoring of Sarcoidosis, a granulomatous disease. It is also useful to check disease activity and response to treatment. 🔹 Sample Required: 🩸 Serum 🔹 Principle : ACE enzyme present in the patient’s serum acts on a synthetic substrate and converts it into a product. The amount of product formed is directly proportional to the ACE level in the blood. 🔹 Normal Values: • Adults: 8 – 52 U/L (Normal range may vary from lab to lab) 🔹 Increased ACE Levels seen in: • Sarcoidosis • Tuberculosis • Leprosy • Liver diseases • Diabetes mellitus 🔹 Decreased ACE Levels seen in: • Patients taking ACE inhibitor drugs • Chronic lung diseases 🔹 Clinical Importance: ACE test is very helpful in monitoring the progression and treatment response of Sarcoidosis. It is not a confirmatory test alone but support...
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Renal Function Test

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1. Objective To assess kidney function by measuring levels of waste products and electrolytes in the blood, such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid. 2. Principle The test measures substances that are normally filtered by the kidneys. Elevated or decreased levels indicate impaired renal function. 3. Materials Patient’s blood sample (serum) Test tubes Centrifuge Biochemical analyzer Reagents for urea, creatinine, uric acid, electrolytes 4. Procedure 1. Collect venous blood sample. 2. Centrifuge to separate serum. 3. Load serum into the biochemical analyzer. 4. Add specific reagents for urea, creatinine, and uric acid estimation. 5. Analyzer provides quantitative results. 5. Result :   Normal Range Urea 32 mg/dL 10–40 mg/dL Creatinine 1.0 mg/dL 0.7–1.3 mg/dL Uric Acid 4.5 mg/dL 3.5–7.2 mg/dL Sodium 139 mmol/L 135–145 mmol/L Potassium 4.1 mmol/L 3.5–5.0 mmol/L 6. Uses Diagnosis of kidney diseases Monitoring patients with hypertension or diabetes Assessing renal damage in dr...
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Chief Ebola Doctor Contracts Ebola

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A doctor who has played a key role in fighting the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone is infected with the disease, according to that country's Ministry of Health. Dr: Shelk Humarr Khan is being treated by the French aid group Medecins Sans Frontieres - also known as Doctors Without Borders - in Kailahum, Sirra Leone, Tim Shenk, an agency spokesman, told CNN. Until falling ill, Khan had been overseeing Ebola treatment and isolation units at Kenema Government Hospital, about 185 miles east of the capital Freetown. Citing patient confidentiality, Shenk declined to provide additional details about Khan's condition.The Ministry of Health took to Facebook to deny reports te doctor had died. The minisry "wishes the general public and all partners working in the healthcare sector to know that, ...Khan is still alive and responding to treatment comtrary to social media report of his demise," according to a Facebok post. Sierra Leone has had 427 confirmed cases of Ebola and 144 ...
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Professor Yemi Osinbajo

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Oluyemi "Yemi" Oluleke Osinbajo (born 8 March 1957) is the Vice President of Nigeria, in office since 29 May 2015. He is also a Senior Advocate of Nigeria, Professor of Law and until his inauguration as Vice President, a Senior Partner with SimmonsCooper Partners, a commercial law practice. Marriage, family and personal life Yemi Osinbajo was born into the family of Opeoluwa Osinbajo on 8 March 1957, Creek Hospital, Lagos. Osinbajo is married to Dolapo (née Soyode) Osinbajo, a granddaughter of Obafemi Awolowo. They have three children together. Education Yemi Osinbajo was educated at Corona primary School, in Lagos. Between 1969–1975, he attended Igbobi College Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. From 1975–1978, he studied for his undergraduate degree in Law at the University of Lagos, where he was awarded a LLB Law degree. From 1979–1980 he attended Nigerian Law School. In 1981, he was awarded a Master of Laws after attending the London School of Economics. Legal career ...
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Sickle Cell Test

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1. Objective The objective of the Sickle Cell Test was to detect the presence of Hemoglobin S (HbS), which caused sickle cell disease or sickle cell trait. The test aimed to screen or diagnose individuals who inherited the mutated beta-globin gene. 2. Principle The principle of the test was based on the fact that Hemoglobin S polymerized under low oxygen tension, causing red blood cells to become crescent or sickle-shaped. These abnormally shaped cells were detected microscopically (sickling test), through solubility tests, or by electrophoresis to differentiate hemoglobin types. 3. Materials • Anticoagulated blood sample (EDTA) • Sodium metabisulfite (for sickling test) • Microscope and glass slides • Hemoglobin electrophoresis equipment (for confirmatory test) • Solubility test reagent kit (for rapid screening) • Coverslips • Test tubes and pipettes • Gloves and safety equipment 4. Procedure (Microscopic Sickling Test) 1. A drop of the patient’s blood was placed on a clea...
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Doctors remove 40 knives from man’s stomach

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A man in India spent two months swallowing knives and had 40 of them surgically removed from his stomach, according to the doctor who led the operation. “He had a wild urge to consume metal. Even for us, the experienced surgeons, it was frightening,” Dr. Jatinder Malhotra told  CNN.  “We were so nervous… a small mistake could have taken the patient’s life. In my 20 years of practice, I have never seen anything like it,” he added. Malhotra said it took his team about two days to form a diagnosis and surgery plan and the operation lasted for five hours. He revealed that they found foldable knives, which when fully extended were about seven inches long. “The patient told us that he swallowed some knives folded and some unfolded. When we took out the knives, some were found folded, some were open, and some had even started rusting and were broken,” the doctor said. The patient, a 42-year-old father of two, told  CNN  h...
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