Urine Test (General/Macroscopic, Chemical, and Microscopic Examination) 1. Objective: The objective of the urine test was to assess the physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics of a urine sample to aid in the diagnosis of renal, metabolic, and systemic conditions. 2. Principle : The test was based on the analysis of urine through three components: • Physical examination for color, clarity, and volume • Chemical examination using reagent strips to detect substances like glucose, protein, ketones, etc. • Microscopic examination of centrifuged urine sediment to detect cells, crystals, and microorganisms 3. Materials : • Fresh urine sample in a sterile container • Urine reagent strip (dipstick) • Centrifuge and test tubes • Microscope and slides with cover slips • Glass rod or pipette • Gloves READ ALSO: Bleeding Time (BT) Test 4. Procedure: A. Physical Examination: 1. The color, clarity, and odor of the urine were noted. 2. The volume was measured i...
Understanding your genotype is more than just a scientific detail in the 21st century; it is a crucial aspect of managing your health and making informed decisions about your future. Knowing your genotype can significantly impact your life in several meaningful ways. Here’s why it’s important: 1. Personalised healthcare Knowing your genotype enables healthcare providers to offer treatments and medications tailored to your genetic profile. This personalisation improves the efficiency of treatments and reduces the likelihood of harmful reactions, ensuring that you receive care that is specifically suited to your individual needs. 2. Informed family planning For couples planning to start a family, knowing their genotypes can reveal potential risks of inheriting genetic disorders. This information helps in making informed decisions about family planning, such as considering genetic counselling to better prepare for any potential genetic issues. For instance, if both partners have the as ge...
1. Objective The objective of this test was to detect the presence of reducing sugars (e.g., glucose, lactose, galactose, fructose) in the stool, which indicated possible carbohydrate malabsorption, particularly in infants and young children. Backup page 2. Principle The test was based on the principle that reducing sugars could donate electrons to other molecules. In this procedure, reducing sugars present in the stool reduced copper(II) sulfate in an alkaline solution (Benedict’s reagent) to cuprous oxide, forming a color change. This color shift was used to estimate the presence and quantity of reducing substances. 3. Materials • Fresh stool sample • Benedict’s reagent • Test tubes • Water bath • Pipettes or droppers • Test tube holder and rack • Gloves and lab coat 4. Procedure (Microscopic) • A small amount of fresh stool was emulsified in distilled water. • About 5 ml of Benedict’s reagent was added to the test tube containing the stool solution. • The test tube...
National President of SSANU, Mohammed Ibrahim The Joint Action Committee of Senior Staff Association of Nigerian Universities (SSANU) and Non-Academic Staff Union of Educational and Associated Institutions (NASU) have appealed to the Federal Government renegotiation committee to fast track the meeting with Briggs Committee to resolve the crisis in the nation’s tertiary institutions. National President of SSANU, Mohammed Ibrahim, said the union was getting weary at the slow pace of the meeting, warning that if renegotiation was not concluded, the strike would not be called off. The Briggs Committee, which commenced meeting with the four university unions, including Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), National Association of Academic Technologists (NAAT), SSANU and NASU, two weeks ago, is saddled with the responsibility of renegotiating the 2009 agreements the Federal Government signed with striking unions. On March 7, 2022, the Federal Government inaugurated a seven-member comm...
Malaria increases the risk of heart failure by 30%, meaning an increase in the burden of non-communicable diseases. Dr. Ifeanyi M. Nsofor, CEO of EpiAFRIC and Director of Policy and Advocacy at Nigeria Health Watch, proposes four ways to address the unique connection between malaria and heart failure. It has been several years since I last had malaria, but I still vividly remember my high temperature, throbbing head, torturous sleep, severe body aches, and non-existent appetite. I was totally knocked out mentally and physically, unable to perform even basic tasks like house chores. I took time off work. However, I know my situation could have been so much worse if the disease had led to heart issues as well. Recent research shows malaria increases the risk of heart failure by 30% , implying a double jeopardy for the health and wellbeing of people in malaria-endemic countries. The unique connection between malaria a...
This year marks the 100th anniversary of the 1918 influenza (flu) pandemic that swept the globe in what is still one of the deadliest disease outbreaks in recorded history. It is estimated that about 500 million people or one-third of the world’s population became infected with this virus, and the number of deaths was estimated to be at least 50 million worldwide with about 675,000 occurring in the United States. The pandemic was so severe that from 1917 to 1918, life expectancy in the United States fell by about 12 years, to 36.6 years for men and 42.2 years for women. There were high death rates in previously healthy people, including those between the ages of 20 and 40 years old, which was unusual because flu typically hits the very young and the very old more than young adults. Photograph of an Influenza precaution sign at the Naval Aircraft Factory, Philadelphia, October 19, 1918. Reads “Spanish Influenza has endangered the prosecution of the war in Europe. There are ...
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